ATS-Friendly Resume Guide 2026: Beat the Bots, Get Interviews

You've sent dozens of applications. Your experience matches the role. You're qualified, motivated, and ready.

But the interviews aren't coming.

If this sounds familiar, there's a good chance your CV isn't reaching human eyes at all. It's being filtered out by software before a recruiter ever sees it.

Welcome to the world of Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS), the gatekeepers between you and your next job.

According to Jobscan's analysis of Fortune 500 companies, 97.8% use an ATS to manage job applications. And it's not just large corporations: ATS software is now standard at companies of all sizes, from tech startups to local businesses.

The uncomfortable reality: 75% of CVs are filtered out by ATS before a human ever reviews them. Your perfectly crafted CV could be disappearing into a digital void.

This guide will show you exactly how to create a CV that passes ATS screening while still impressing human recruiters. No gimmicks, no keyword stuffing, just practical strategies that work.

Want to know where your CV stands before you start? Run it through our free ATS resume checker for an instant score and a list of exactly what to fix.

What This Guide Covers

1. What Is an ATS?
2. How ATS Actually Works
3. ATS-Friendly Formatting Rules
4. Keyword Optimisation Strategy
5. Section-by-Section Optimisation
6. Common ATS Mistakes
7. ATS Tools Comparison
8. After ATS: The Human Review
9. ATS Resume Checklist
10. FAQs

What Is an ATS (Applicant Tracking System)?

An Applicant Tracking System is software that helps employers manage the recruitment process. When you apply for a job online, your CV typically goes directly into an ATS database, not to a human recruiter.

The ATS serves several purposes:

• Storage: Creates a searchable database of all applicants
• Parsing: Extracts information from CVs (name, contact details, work history, skills)
• Filtering: Screens candidates based on keywords and qualifications
• Ranking: Some systems score candidates against job requirements
• Communication: Manages interview scheduling and candidate correspondence

Popular ATS Platforms

Different companies use different systems. Here are the most common, based on Jobscan's 2025 data:

Why does this matter? Each system parses CVs slightly differently. Some handle PDFs well; others struggle with them. Some parse two-column layouts; most don't. The safest approach is to optimise for the lowest common denominator: simple, clean formatting that every system can read.

How ATS Actually Works

Understanding the ATS process helps you optimise effectively. Here's what happens after you click "Apply":

Step 1: Parsing

The ATS scans your CV and attempts to extract structured data: your name, contact information, job titles, employers, dates, education, and skills. It converts your formatted document into database fields.

This is where formatting problems occur. If the ATS can't correctly parse your information, it may:

• Misread your job title
• Merge your contact details into one field
• Miss entire sections
• Scramble the order of your experience

Step 2: Keyword Matching

The system searches for keywords that match the job description. These typically include:

• Hard skills: Python, Excel, Salesforce, SQL
• Soft skills: Project management, team leadership, communication
• Job titles: Marketing Manager, Software Engineer, Financial Analyst
• Certifications: CPA, PMP, AWS Certified
• Education: Degree types, fields of study, institutions

According to Jobscan's State of the Job Search 2025 report, 99.7% of recruiters use keyword filters in their ATS. The breakdown:

Skills are the most common filter. If the job requires "data analysis" and that phrase isn't in your CV, you may never surface in recruiter searches.

Step 3: Ranking (Some Systems)

More sophisticated ATS platforms don't just filter; they rank candidates. The system might score your CV based on:

• Keyword match percentage
• Years of relevant experience
• Education match
• Recent job titles

Higher-scoring candidates appear at the top of the recruiter's queue. Lower-scoring candidates may never be viewed, even if they technically passed the initial filters.

Step 4: Human Review

Once you pass the ATS filters, your CV reaches a recruiter. But here's the catch: they typically spend 7 to 11 seconds on an initial scan. Your CV needs to pass two very different tests: machine parsing and human first impressions.

ATS-Friendly Formatting Rules

Getting your formatting right is the foundation of ATS optimisation. Here's what works and what doesn't.

File Format: PDF vs Word

The debate continues, but here's the practical answer:

PDF is generally safe for modern ATS platforms. Most systems (Greenhouse, Lever, Workday, iCIMS) parse PDFs correctly. PDFs preserve your formatting across devices and look professional.

Word (.docx) is the safest option if you're uncertain. Older ATS platforms sometimes struggle with PDFs.

Our recommendation: Use PDF unless the job posting specifically requests Word. If you're applying to a large corporation using legacy systems (common in government, healthcare, and financial services), consider Word.

Never use: .txt files, .rtf files, or image-based PDFs (scanned documents or PDFs exported from design software like Canva).

Layout: Single Column

Multi-column layouts look attractive but cause parsing problems. When an ATS reads a two-column CV, it often reads left-to-right across both columns, creating nonsense:

"Senior Marketing Manager June 2021" becomes "Senior June Marketing 2021 Manager"

Use a single-column layout. You can still create visual hierarchy with headings, spacing, and subtle design elements.

Fonts

Stick to standard, widely available fonts:

Safe choices:

• Arial
• Calibri
• Garamond
• Georgia
• Helvetica
• Times New Roman

Font size: 10-12pt for body text, 12-14pt for headings.

Avoid decorative fonts, custom fonts embedded in your document, or anything that might not render correctly on the recruiter's system.

Section Headings

ATS systems look for standard section headings to categorise your information. Use conventional labels:

Creative headings might impress a human, but they confuse the ATS. Save creativity for your content, not your structure.

Margins and Spacing

• Margins: 1.9-2.5cm (0.75-1 inch) on all sides
• Line spacing: 1.0 to 1.15
• Section spacing: Consistent gaps between sections (10-12pt)

Cramming content into every available space makes your CV harder to scan, both for ATS and humans.

What to Avoid

These formatting choices cause parsing failures:

Keyword Optimisation Strategy

Keywords are the currency of ATS. Without the right ones, your CV won't surface in recruiter searches. But keyword optimisation is more nuanced than simply copying and pasting terms from the job description.

Finding the Right Keywords

Start with the job description. Read it carefully and identify:

Required skills: Often listed in a dedicated section or repeated throughout the posting. If they say "must have experience with Salesforce," "Salesforce" is a critical keyword.

Preferred skills: "Nice to have" qualifications. Include these if you have them, but prioritise required skills.

Job title variations: The posting might say "Marketing Manager," but also mention "digital marketing," "brand management," or "campaign management." Include relevant variations.

Industry terms: Technical vocabulary specific to the field. A software engineering role might mention "CI/CD," "microservices," or "agile methodology."

Action verbs: Note how they describe desired behaviours. "Led," "managed," "developed," "increased," "optimised."

Where to Place Keywords

Keywords should appear naturally throughout your CV, not crammed into a single section.

Professional summary: Include your top 3-5 keywords in your opening paragraph. This establishes relevance immediately.

Work experience: Weave keywords into your bullet points through genuine descriptions of your work. "Managed Salesforce implementation" is better than a standalone "Salesforce" in a skills list.

Skills section: List technical skills and tools explicitly. This is where you can include keywords that might not fit naturally into your experience descriptions.

Job titles: If your actual title matches the role you're applying for, you're in good shape. If it doesn't, consider whether your title can be legitimately adjusted (e.g., "Marketing Coordinator" to "Marketing Coordinator / Digital Marketing Specialist" if you did both).

Exact Match vs Variations

ATS systems vary in sophistication. Some recognise that "project management" and "managing projects" mean the same thing. Others require exact matches.

Play it safe: Include both the exact phrase from the job description and natural variations in your CV.

Example:

• Job description says: "project management experience"
• Your CV includes: "Led project management for..." and "Managed multiple concurrent projects..."

Acronyms and Full Terms

Always include both the acronym and the full term at least once:

• "Search Engine Optimisation (SEO)"
• "Certified Public Accountant (CPA)"
• "Customer Relationship Management (CRM)"

This covers both search variations a recruiter might use.

Avoid Keyword Stuffing

Packing your CV with keywords in unnatural ways is a bad strategy for several reasons:

1. ATS sophistication: Modern systems can detect keyword stuffing
2. Human review: If you pass ATS, a recruiter will notice unnatural repetition
3. White text tricks: Hiding keywords in white text used to work; it doesn't anymore and can get you disqualified

Write naturally. If a keyword fits, include it. If it doesn't, don't force it.

Section-by-Section ATS Optimisation

Let's walk through each CV section with ATS in mind.

Contact Information

Place this at the top of your document (not in a header, which some ATS systems skip).

Include:

• Full name
• Phone number (one reliable number)
• Professional email address
• City and region (full address unnecessary)
• LinkedIn URL (optional but recommended)

Format clearly:

Sarah Mitchell
+44 7700 900123 | sarah.mitchell@email.com
Manchester, UK | linkedin.com/in/sarahmitchell

Professional Summary

A brief paragraph (3-4 sentences) that establishes your relevance to the role. This is prime real estate for keywords.

ATS-optimised example:

Marketing Manager with 8+ years of experience in digital marketing, brand strategy, and campaign management. Proven track record of increasing customer acquisition by 45% through data-driven marketing initiatives. Skilled in Salesforce, Google Analytics, and marketing automation platforms. Seeking to leverage expertise in B2B SaaS marketing at a growth-stage company.

This summary includes multiple keywords (digital marketing, brand strategy, campaign management, customer acquisition, Salesforce, Google Analytics, marketing automation, B2B, SaaS) while reading naturally.

Work Experience

For each role, include:

• Job title
• Company name
• Location (city)
• Dates (month/year format)
• 3-6 bullet points describing achievements

Formatting that works:

Senior Marketing Manager
TechCorp Ltd | Manchester, UK | June 2020 - Present

• Led digital marketing strategy across paid, organic, and social channels, increasing qualified leads by 65%
• Managed £500K annual marketing budget with 15% under-spend while exceeding all performance targets
• Built and mentored team of 4 marketing specialists across content, paid media, and analytics

Tips:

• Use reverse chronological order (most recent first)
• Start bullets with action verbs
• Include measurable achievements where possible
• Mirror job description language where it genuinely applies

Education

Include:

• Degree and field of study
• Institution name
• Graduation date (optional if more than 10 years ago)
• Relevant honours or achievements (if notable)

BSc Marketing | University of Manchester | 2015
First Class Honours | Marketing Dissertation Prize

For recent graduates, education can come before work experience. For experienced professionals, it typically appears after.

Skills

A dedicated skills section helps ATS categorise your technical abilities. Format as a simple list or comma-separated line:

Skills: Digital Marketing, SEO/SEM, Google Analytics, Salesforce, HubSpot, Data Analysis, 
Campaign Management, Team Leadership, Budget Management, A/B Testing

Or grouped by category:

Technical Skills: Google Analytics, Salesforce, HubSpot, SQL, Tableau
Marketing Skills: SEO, SEM, Content Strategy, Email Marketing, Social Media
Soft Skills: Team Leadership, Project Management, Stakeholder Communication

Certifications

List certifications relevant to the role:

Certifications
• Google Analytics Certified | 2024
• HubSpot Inbound Marketing Certification | 2023
• Salesforce Administrator | 2022

Certifications are high-value keywords. 50.6% of recruiters filter by certifications in ATS searches.

Common ATS Mistakes That Get CVs Rejected

Avoid these errors that consistently cause parsing failures.

1. Using the Wrong File Format

Submitting an image-based PDF, a Canva export, or an unusual file type can prevent the ATS from reading your CV entirely. Stick to Word (.docx) or properly formatted PDFs.

2. Creative Section Names

"Career Journey" instead of "Work Experience" or "My Story" instead of "Professional Summary" confuses the ATS. Use standard labels.

3. Important Information in Headers/Footers

Many ATS platforms don't parse headers and footers. Never put contact information or important content in these areas.

4. Tables for Layout

Tables are a common formatting trick that fails badly with ATS. The system may read cells in the wrong order, skip content, or merge text incorrectly.

5. Missing Keywords

If the job requires "project management" and you describe the same work as "overseeing initiatives," you may not match. Use the same terminology as the job description.

6. Inconsistent Formatting

Random font changes, inconsistent bullet styles, and erratic spacing can confuse parsers. Maintain consistency throughout.

7. Non-Standard Characters

Some special characters and symbols don't parse correctly. Stick to standard punctuation and bullets.

8. Keyword Stuffing

Cramming keywords unnaturally or hiding them in white text can get your CV flagged or rejected. Write naturally.

9. Photos and Graphics

ATS can't read images. A photo takes up valuable space and adds nothing to your ATS score. (Note: photos are standard in some European countries, but even there, they're not helping your ATS performance.)

10. Abbreviations Without Full Terms

If you only write "SEO" without ever mentioning "Search Engine Optimisation," you may miss searches for the full term.

ATS Resume Tools Comparison

Several tools can help you optimise for ATS. Here's how they compare:

Jobscan

What it does: Compares your CV against a specific job description and provides a match score with detailed recommendations.

Strengths:

• Detailed keyword analysis
• Specific, actionable suggestions
• Shows exactly what's missing

Limitations:

• Can encourage over-optimisation
• Free tier is limited
• Focuses heavily on keywords, less on overall CV quality

Best for: Job seekers who want detailed feedback on keyword match.

Rezi

What it does: AI-powered resume builder with built-in ATS scoring and optimisation.

Strengths:

• ATS score feature
• Built-in AI writing assistance
• Multiple template options

Limitations:

• Paid features for full functionality
• Templates are somewhat generic
• Heavy focus on US market

Best for: Those who want an all-in-one builder with ATS focus.

JobSprout

What it does: Professional CV builder using Typst for beautiful typesetting, with AI assistance and built-in ATS-friendly templates.

Strengths:

• Professional typography that impresses human reviewers
• All templates are ATS-compatible by default
• One-click job tailoring: paste a job description, AI rewrites your CV to match the role with a word-level diff preview
• AI writing assistance understands your full CV
• Deep Research feature for tailoring to specific companies
• Free to create and download

Best for: Job seekers who want CVs that pass ATS and impress humans with professional presentation.

Free ATS Checkers

Various free tools offer basic ATS scanning. These typically check formatting issues and basic keyword presence. Useful for a quick sanity check, but limited in depth.

After ATS: The Human Review

Passing ATS is step one. Step two is impressing the human recruiter in their 7-second scan. Here's how to optimise for both.

Balance Optimisation with Readability

A CV stuffed with keywords but painful to read will fail the human review. Write naturally, with keywords integrated into compelling descriptions of your work.

Too optimised:

"Project management, team leadership, stakeholder management. Managed project management activities including project management methodologies."

Balanced:

"Led project management for £2M digital transformation initiative, coordinating a cross-functional team of 12 across engineering, design, and business stakeholders."

Visual Hierarchy Matters

When a human scans your CV, their eyes follow a predictable pattern:

1. Your name and current job title
2. Company names
3. Section headings
4. First few words of each bullet point

Make sure the most important information appears in these high-attention areas.

Quantify Achievements

Numbers stand out in a scan. "Increased revenue by 35%" catches the eye faster than "Improved revenue performance." Most resumes never do this: across the 2,363 resumes measured in the JobSprout Resume Index, only 30% of work-experience bullets contain a figure at all, so doing it consistently is an easy way to stand apart. Wherever possible, include metrics:

• Revenue or cost impact
• Team size
• Budget managed
• Percentage improvements
• Timeline or efficiency gains

Professional Presentation

A CV that looks professionally designed creates an immediate positive impression. Clean typography, consistent spacing, and elegant formatting signal attention to detail.

This is where tools like JobSprout help. Using Typst (the modern successor to LaTeX), JobSprout produces CVs with perfect spacing, professional typography, and clean hierarchy. All templates are ATS-friendly by default, so you get the best of both worlds: machine parseability and human appeal. See examples in our template gallery.

ATS Resume Checklist

Before you submit your CV, run through this checklist:

Formatting

• Single-column layout
• Standard font (Arial, Calibri, Georgia, etc.) at 10-12pt
• No tables, text boxes, or graphics
• Contact information in body (not header/footer)
• Standard section headings
• Consistent formatting throughout
• Saved as PDF or .docx

Keywords

• Job title from posting appears in CV
• Required skills are included
• Keywords appear in multiple sections (summary, experience, skills)
• Both acronyms and full terms included
• Language mirrors job description where accurate
• CV tailored to the specific role (not a generic version)
• No keyword stuffing

Content

• Professional summary tailored to role
• Work experience in reverse chronological order
• Achievements quantified where possible
• Relevant certifications listed
• Education includes degree, institution, and date

Final Checks

• No spelling or grammar errors
• Consistent date formatting
• No outdated information
• Length appropriate (1-2 pages)
• File name is professional (FirstName-LastName-CV.pdf)

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I use a creative CV design with ATS?

Creative designs (multiple columns, graphics, unusual layouts) typically perform poorly with ATS. If you're applying to a creative role where design matters, consider having two versions: an ATS-optimised version for online applications and a designed version for direct submissions or portfolio links.

Do PDFs work with ATS?

Modern ATS platforms (Greenhouse, Lever, Workday, iCIMS) handle PDFs well. The exception is image-based PDFs or PDFs exported from design tools that don't embed text properly. If uncertain, test by copying and pasting from your PDF. If you can select and copy the text, it's likely ATS-readable.

How many keywords should I include?

There's no magic number. Focus on including all genuinely relevant keywords that accurately describe your experience. If the job description mentions 10 required skills and you have 8 of them, all 8 should appear in your CV.

Should I use the same CV for every job?

No. Each CV should be tailored to the specific role. This doesn't mean rewriting from scratch, but adjusting your summary, emphasising relevant experience, and incorporating keywords from each job description.

What if I don't have the exact keywords they're looking for?

If you have equivalent experience under different terminology, include both. For example, if the job asks for "Salesforce" experience and you used "HubSpot CRM," mention both: "CRM management experience (HubSpot), with familiarity in Salesforce architecture."

If you genuinely lack a required skill, be honest. Keyword stuffing skills you don't have will backfire in interviews.

Does resume length affect ATS performance?

ATS doesn't penalise length directly, but excessive length suggests you're not focused on relevant experience. One page for early-career professionals, two pages for experienced candidates is the standard guidance.

What about LinkedIn Easy Apply?

LinkedIn parses your profile information differently than traditional ATS. Having a complete, keyword-optimised LinkedIn profile helps. However, when given the option, uploading a tailored CV usually performs better than relying solely on profile data.

Can ATS read LinkedIn exported PDFs?

LinkedIn's PDF export creates a reasonably ATS-friendly format, but it's not optimised for specific roles. Use it as a backup, not your primary application document.

Final Thoughts

ATS optimisation isn't about gaming the system. It's about presenting your genuine qualifications in a format that both machines and humans can easily understand.

The best ATS strategy is straightforward:

1. Use clean, simple formatting
2. Include relevant keywords naturally
3. Tailor each application to the specific role
4. Don't sacrifice readability for optimisation

Remember: passing ATS is necessary but not sufficient. Your CV still needs to impress the human who reads it. Professional presentation, clear achievement statements, and relevant experience are what ultimately get you interviews.

Ready to Build an ATS-Friendly CV?

If you want to create a CV that passes ATS screening and impresses human recruiters:

Browse our template gallery to see real examples of ATS-friendly CVs that also look professional. Then try JobSprout to build your own with AI writing assistance, one-click job tailoring, and beautiful Typst typesetting. Paste a job description and tailor your CV in seconds. Free to create and download.

Questions about ATS optimisation? Email david@jobsprout.ai or connect on LinkedIn.